2025 Closes: Indian Markets Resilient, Rupee Volatile, Vodafone Idea & Global Shifts Dominate

• Indian equity markets ended 2025 in the green, extending Nifty's 10-year winning streak, but lagged global peers due to domestic headwinds.
• The Indian Rupee experienced significant volatility, depreciating nearly 5% against the US dollar and breaching the 90-mark multiple times.
• RBI's Financial Stability Report confirmed India's financial system remains resilient; Vodafone Idea's AGR dues continued to weigh on telecom.
• India imposed 3-year import tariffs on steel to curb cheap shipments; Bharat Forge secured a major carbine contract, boosting indigenous defence.
• Global milestones included Warren Buffett's retirement after six decades and former Bangladesh PM Khaleda Zia's funeral in Dhaka.

Why It Matters: 2025 saw Indian markets resilient but volatile, with key corporate and global transitions shaping the year.