70% Galaxies Lack Life: Red Dwarf Stars Unsuitable for Complex Organisms

• New research challenges the notion that M-dwarf (red dwarf) stars are suitable for complex life.
• San Diego State University scientists found planets near red dwarfs lack light for multicellular organisms.
• Photosynthesis, crucial for oxygen, would be extremely slow, taking billions of years to raise oxygen levels.
• Red dwarf stars primarily emit infrared light, outside the Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) range needed by plants.
• Complex life near red dwarfs is unlikely; future searches should focus on Sun-like stars for high-energy light.

Why It Matters: New research suggests complex life is rare in 70% of galaxies due to unsuitable red dwarf stars.