1971 War Lessons Shape India's Whole-of-Nation Security

• The 1971 war serves as a historical example for India's "whole-of-nation" security doctrine, highlighting politico-military coordination and diplomacy.
• National security has expanded beyond military concerns to include economic, cyber, space, energy, and socio-political aspects.
• A "whole-of-nation" approach integrates military and civilian government entities to address complex, multi-domain threats.
• Future conflicts will increasingly involve technology, AI, cyber, space, and cognitive domains, necessitating greater civilian-military fusion.
• Operation Sindoor demonstrated the success of a multi-domain, synergized response in counter-terrorism, emphasizing integrated political will and operational capability.

Why It Matters: India's security demands a comprehensive, integrated national effort.