India's Deep Tech Soars: From Promise to Scale in 2025, Billions Poured In

• India's deep tech ecosystem shifted in 2025 from scientific ambition to commercial scale, focusing on revenue, patient capital, and global competition.
• Government launched the Rs 1 lakh crore RDI fund, deploying Rs 15,000–20,000 crore annually over seven years, combining equity and loans for deep tech.
• Defence-linked and manufacturing deep tech gained significant traction with large orders and subsidies, while investor scrutiny increased for hype-driven areas like drones and EVs.
• Early-stage funding is robust, but a critical gap emerged at Series B and C, prompting new growth-focused funds like Speciale Invest's Rs 1,400 crore corpus.
• Investors' focus shifted from technical viability to commercial scaling and global relevance, though the "lab-to-market valley of death" and entrepreneurial gaps remain challenges.

Why It Matters: India's deep tech ecosystem is maturing, backed by massive government and private capital, shifting focus to commercial scale and global impact.