Border Clashes Erupt Between Afghanistan and Pakistan, Two Civilians Killed

• Renewed clashes broke out along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border after a temporary Eid al-Fitr ceasefire ended, killing two civilians and wounding eight in eastern Afghanistan.
• Pakistani forces reportedly fired dozens of artillery shells into Afghanistan's Kunar province, targeting Narai and Sarkano districts.
• The violence follows a brief halt in hostilities, mediated by Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Qatar, after Pakistani airstrikes in Afghanistan.
• Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) resumed attacks inside Pakistan after its own Eid ceasefire, intensifying cross-border militant activity.
• The conflict is fueled by Pakistan's concerns over TTP operating from Afghan sanctuaries and Afghanistan's non-recognition of the Durand Line as an international border.