Afghanistan-Pakistan border clashes kill 4, ceasefire remains fragile.

• Cross-border firings killed 4 civilians in Afghanistan amid escalating tensions with Pakistan.
• Clashes occurred in Afghanistan's Spin Boldak district, with both nations blaming each other for initiating the conflict.
• Relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan have soured since 2021, with Pakistan accusing Afghanistan of sheltering armed groups.
• Afghanistan denies harboring militant groups and accuses Pakistan of spreading misinformation to provoke border tensions.
• Recent peace talks in Saudi Arabia failed to achieve a breakthrough, though both sides agreed to continue a fragile ceasefire.

Why It Matters: Ongoing border clashes between Afghanistan and Pakistan threaten regional stability.