21-Gun Salute: From Warships to Kartavya Path, Tracing its Republic Day Significance

• The 21-gun salute is a ceremonial ritual on Republic Day, accompanying the flag hoisting and national anthem, signifying respect for the Constitution and sovereignty.
• Originating from 14th-century naval customs, where warships fired guns to show peaceful intent, 21 became the international standard for highest respect.
• India adopted the tradition during British colonial rule, formalising it into a hierarchy; post-Independence, it symbolises respect for the Republic and President.
• On Republic Day, the President unfurls the flag at Kartavya Path, followed by 21 blank rounds from artillery guns, synchronised with the National Anthem.
• India has transitioned from British-era 25-pounder guns to indigenous 105 mm Indian Field Guns for the salute, aligning with the 'Make-in-India' initiative.

Why It Matters: The 21-gun salute on Republic Day, a tradition with naval origins, now symbolises India's sovereignty and self-reliance.