Fibroids, Cysts, and Fertility: What Women Should Know Before Surgery

• Uterine fibroids and ovarian cysts are common gynecological conditions affecting women during their reproductive years, impacting physical, emotional, and socioeconomic well-being.
• Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus, affecting up to 70-80% of women by age 50; submucosal fibroids can significantly lower implantation and pregnancy rates.
• Ovarian cysts vary; functional cysts often resolve, while endometriomas can damage ovarian tissue and affect fertility. Persistent or complex cysts may require surgery.
• Myomectomy (fibroid removal) and ovarian cystectomy (cyst removal) are surgical options for fertility preservation, with minimally invasive techniques improving recovery and outcomes.
• Risks include fibroid recurrence (up to 50% within five years) and potential ovarian reserve reduction from surgery; alternatives like UAE and RFA offer less invasive options with varied fertility effects.