Parliament Passes 8 Key Bills: Nuclear Reform, Rural Wage Scheme Lead Winter Session

• The VB-G RAM G Bill, 2025, replaces MGNREGA, increasing wage employment to 125 days, but faces strong opposition over its "anti-village" nature and cost-sharing model.
• The SHANTI Bill, 2025, opens India's nuclear sector to private players for a 100 GW target by 2047, drawing concerns about safety and "oligarchisation" due to capped operator liability.
• The Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha Bill, 2025, raises the FDI cap in insurance to 100% to attract capital and improve competition, as stated by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman.
• The Repealing and Amending Bill, 2025, streamlines laws by repealing 71 outdated acts, while the Appropriation (No. 4) Bill, 2025, authorizes additional funds for the 2025-26 fiscal year amidst fiscal policy criticism.
• Other bills include new cesses for health/security, increased excise on tobacco, and Manipur GST amendments with a "track-and-trace" mechanism, all facing varying degrees of opposition.

Why It Matters: Parliament's winter session saw 8 crucial bills passed, reforming rural employment, nuclear energy, and finance.